Academic Programs Catalog

Requirements for the Bachelor of Science Degree in Fisheries and Wildlife

1. The University requirements for bachelor's degrees as described in the Undergraduate Education section of this catalog; 120 credits, including general elective credits, are required for the Bachelor of Science degree in Fisheries and Wildlife.
   
   The University’s Tier II writing requirement for the Fisheries and Wildlife major is met by completing Fisheries and Wildlife 434 referenced in item 3. below.
   
   Students who are enrolled in the Fisheries and Wildlife major leading to the Bachelor of Science degree in the Department of Fisheries and Wildlife may complete an alternative track to Integrative Studies in Biological and Physical Sciences by completing items 3. a. and 3. b. below. The completion of Biological Sciences 171 or 172 or Lyman Briggs 144 and Chemistry 161 or Lyman Briggs 171L satisfies the laboratory requirement. Completion of items 3. a. and 3. b. below will be counted toward both the alternative track and the requirements for the major.
   
   The completion of the College of Agriculture and Natural Resources mathematics requirement may also satisfy the University mathematics requirement.
2. The requirements of the College of Agriculture and Natural Resources for the Bachelor of Science degree.
   
   Certain courses referenced in requirement 3. below may be counted toward College requirements as appropriate.  The completion of item 3. d. below satisfies the College's mathematics requirement.
3. The following requirements for the major:

   a.	One of the following groups of courses (9 or 10 credits):
   	(1)	BS	161	Cell and Molecular Biology			3
   		BS	171	Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory			2
   		BS	162	Organismal and Population Biology			3
   		BS	172	Organismal and Population Biology Laboratory			2
   	(2)	LB	144	Biology I – Organismal Biology			4
   		LB	145	Biology II: Cellular and Molecular Biology			5
   b.	One of the following groups of courses (5 credits):
   	(1)	CEM	141	General Chemistry			4
   		CEM	161	Chemistry Laboratory I			1
   	(2)	CEM	151	General and Descriptive Chemistry			4
   		CEM	161	Chemistry Laboratory I			1
   	(3)	LB	171	Principles of Chemistry I			4
   		LB	171L	Introductory Chemistry Laboratory I			1
   c.	One course from each group (6 to 8 credits):
   	(1)	PHY	231	Introductory Physics I			3
   		PHY	183	Physics for Scientists and Engineers I			4
   		LB	273	Physics I			4
   	(2)	CSS	210	Fundamentals of Soil Science			3
   		GLG	201	The Dynamic Earth			4
   		GEO	203	Introduction to Meteorology			3
   		GEO	206	Physical Geography			3
   d.	One course from each group (6 or 7 credits):
   	(1)	MTH	124	Survey of Calculus I			3
   		MTH	132	Calculus I			3
   		LB	118	Calculus I			4
   	(2)	STT	231	Statistics for Scientists			3
   		STT	224	Introduction to Probability and Statistics for Ecologists			3
   		STT	421	Statistics I			3
   e.	Two of the following courses (6 credits):
   	COM	100	Human Communication				3
   	COM	225	Introduction to Interpersonal Communication				3
   	COM	275	Effects of Mass Communication				3
   	CSUS	433	Grant Writing and Fund Development (W)				3
   	FW	435	Integrated Communications for the Fisheries and Wildlife Professional				3
   	JRN	472	Environment, Science and Health Reporting				3
   	WRA	320	Technical Communication (W)				3
   	WRA	331	Writing in the Public Interest (W)				3
   	WRA	341	Nature and Environmental Writing				3
   	WRA	453	Grant and Proposal Writing				3
   f.	One of the following courses (3 credits):
   	FW	439	Conservation Ethics				3
   	PHL	340	Ethics				3
   	PHL	342	Environmental Ethics				3
   	PHL	380	Nature of Science				3
   	GEO	432	Environmental Ethics (W)				3
   g.	Complete at least 3 credits from the following courses:
   	FW	493	Professional Internship in Fisheries and Wildlife				3
   	FW	490	Independent Study in Fisheries and Wildlife				3
   	FW	480	International Studies in Fisheries and Wildlife				3
   	FW	499	Senior Thesis in Fisheries and Wildlife				4
   h.	All of the following courses (17 credits):
   	FW	101	Fundamentals of Fisheries and Wildlife Ecology and Management				3
   	FW	293	Undergraduate Seminar in Fisheries and Wildlife				1
   	FW	364	Ecological Problem Solving				3
   	FW	424	Population Analysis and Management				4
   	FW	434	Human Dimension of Fisheries and Wildlife Management (W)				3
   	IBIO	355	Ecology				3
   i.	One of the following courses (2 or 3 credits):
   	FW	101L	Fundamentals of Fisheries and Wildlife Ecology and Management Laboratory				2
   	FW	238	Introductory Fisheries and Wildlife Field Experience				3
   j.	One of the following concentrations:
   	Conservation Biology (27 to 29 credits):
   	(1)	All of the following courses (12 credits):
   		FW	444	Conservation Biology			3
   		FW	445	Biodiversity Conservation Policy and Practice			3
   		IBIO	445	Evolution (W)			3
   		PLB	443	Restoration Ecology			3
   	(2)	One of the following courses (3 credits):
   		FOR	404	Forest Ecology			3
   		IBIO	485	Tropical Biology (W)			3
   		PLB	441	Plant Ecology			3
   	(3)	One of the following courses (3 or 4 credits):
   		CSS	350	Introduction to Plant Genetics			3
   		IBIO	341	Fundamental Genetics			4
   	(4)	One of the following courses (3 credits):
   		FW	410	Upland Ecosystem Management			3
   		FW	414	Aquatic Ecosystem Management			3
   		FW	416	Marine Ecosystem Management			3
   		FW	417	Wetland Ecology and Management			3
   		FW	454	Environmental Hydrology for Watershed Management			3
   		FW	479	Fisheries Management			3
   	(5)	One of the following courses (3 credits):
   		CSUS	464	Environmental and Natural Resource Policy in Michigan			3
   		CSUS	465	Environmental and Natural Resource Law			3
   		EEM	255	Ecological Economics			3
   		FW	449	Wildlife Policy			3
   		FW	481	Global Issues in Fisheries and Wildlife			3
   		FOR	466	Natural Resource Policy			3
   		IBIO	446	Environmental Issues and Public Policy			3
   		MC	450	International Environmental Law and Policy			3
   	(6)	One of the following courses (3 or 4 credits):
   		ENT	422	Aquatic Entomology			3
   		FOR	204	Forest Vegetation			3
   		FW	471	Ichthyology			4
   		IBIO	360	Biology of Birds			4
   		IBIO	365	Biology of Mammals			4
   		IBIO	384	Biology of Amphibians and Reptiles (W)			4
   		PLB	218	Plants of Michigan			3
   		PLB	418	Plant Systematics			3
   	Fisheries Biology and Management (25 to 28 credits):
   	(1)	One of the following courses (3 credits):
   		FW	472	Limnology			3
   		FW	420	Stream Ecology			3
   	(2)	All of the following courses (10 credits):
   		FW	471	Ichthyology			4
   		FW	479	Fisheries Management			3
   		FW	474	Field and Laboratory Techniques for Aquatic Studies			3
   	(3)	One of the following courses (3 credits):
   		FW	414	Aquatic Ecosystem Management			3
   		FW	416	Marine Ecosystem Management			3
   		FW	417	Wetland Ecology and Management			3
   		FW	454	Environmental Hydrology for Watershed Management			3
   	(4)	One of the following courses (3 or 4 credits):
   		ENT	404	Fundamentals of Entomology			3
   		ENT	422	Aquatic Entomology			3
   		IBIO	306	Invertebrate Biology			4
   	(5)	One of the following courses (3 or 4 credits):
   		PLB	418	Plant Systematics			3
   		PLB	424	Algal Biology			4
   	(6)	One of the following courses (3 or 4 credits):
   		CSS	350	Introduction to Plant Genetics			3
   		FW	431	Ecophysiology and Toxicology of Fishes			3
   		IBIO	328	Comparative Anatomy and Biology of Vertebrates (W)			4
   		IBIO	341	Fundamental Genetics			4
   	Wildlife Biology and Management (26 or 27 credits):
   	(1)	All of the following courses (9 credits):
   		FW	410	Upland Ecosystem Management			3
   		FW	417	Wetland Ecology and Management			3
   		FW	413	Wildlife Research and Management Techniques			3
   	(2)	Two of the following courses (8 credits):
   		IBIO	360	Biology of Birds			4
   		IBIO	365	Biology of Mammals			4
   		IBIO	384	Biology of Amphibians and Reptiles (W)			4
   	(3)	One of the following courses (3 credits):
   		FOR	204	Forest Vegetation			3
   		PLB	218	Plants of Michigan			3
   		PLB	418	Plant Systematics			3
   	(4)	One of the following courses (3 credits):
   		FOR	404	Forest Ecology			3
   		PLB	105	Plant Biology			3
   		PLB	203	Biology of Plants			3
   		PLB	441	Plant Ecology			3
   	(5)	One of the following courses (3 or 4 credits):
   		CSS	350	Introduction to Plant Genetics			3
   		IBIO	328	Comparative Anatomy and Biology of Vertebrates (W)			4
   		IBIO	341	Fundamental Genetics			4
   	Water Sciences (24 to 28 credits):
   	(1)	Two of the following courses (6 credits):
   		FW	417	Wetland Ecology and Management			3
   		FW	420	Stream Ecology			3
   		FW	472	Limnology			3
   	(2)	The following course (3 credits):
   		FW	474	Field and Laboratory Techniques for Aquatic Studies			3
   	(3)	One of the following courses (3 credits):
   		FW	414	Aquatic Ecosystem Management			3
   		FW	416	Marine Ecosystem Management			3
   		FW	454	Environmental Hydrology for Watershed Management			3
   		FW	479	Fisheries Management			3
   	(4)	One of the following courses (3 or 4 credits):
   		ENT	404	Fundamentals of Entomology			3
   		ENT	422	Aquatic Entomology			3
   		FW	471	Ichthyology			4
   		IBIO	306	Invertebrate Biology			4
   	(5)	One of the following courses (3 or 4 credits):
   		PLB	418	Plant Systematics			3
   		PLB	424	Algal Biology			4
   	(6)	Two of the following courses (6 to 8 credits):
   		CSS	350	Introduction to Plant Genetics			3
   		FW	431	Ecophysiology and Toxicology of Fishes			3
   		GLG	421	Environmental Geochemistry			4
   		IBIO	303	Oceanography			4
   		IBIO	341	Fundamental Genetics			4
   		IBIO	353	Marine Biology (W)			4
   		MMG	425	Microbial Ecology			3
   	Fish and Wildlife Disease Ecology and Management (30 or 31 credits):
   	(1)	All of the following courses (20 credits):
   		FW	423	Principles of Fish and Wildlife Disease			3
   		FW	423L	Principles of Fish and Wildlife Disease Laboratory			1
   		FW	444	Conservation Biology			3
   		FW	463	Wildlife Disease Ecology			3
   		IBIO	341	Fundamental Genetics			4
   		IBIO	445	Evolution (W)			3
   		MMG	301	Introductory Microbiology			3
   	(2)	One of the following courses (3 or 4 credits):
   		CEM	143	Survey of Organic Chemistry			4
   		CEM	251	Organic Chemistry			3
   	(3)	One of the following courses (3 credits):
   		FW	410	Upland Ecosystem Management			3
   		FW	414	Aquatic Ecosystem Management			3
   		FW	416	Marine Ecosystem Management			3
   		FW	417	Wetland Ecology and Management			3
   		FW	454	Environmental Hydrology for Watershed Management			3
   		FW	479	Fisheries Management			3
   	(4)	One of the following courses (4 credits):
   		FW	471	Ichthyology			4
   		IBIO	306	Invertebrate Biology			4
   		IBIO	360	Biology of Birds			4
   		IBIO	365	Biology of Mammals			4
   		IBIO	384	Biology of Amphibians and Reptiles (W)			4
   	Preveterinary (27 or 28 credits):
   	(1)	All of the following courses (24 credits):
   		BMB	401	Comprehensive Biochemistry			4
   		CEM	251	Organic Chemistry I			3
   		CEM	252	Organic Chemistry II			3
   		CEM	255	Organic Chemistry Laboratory			2
   		FW	423	Principles of Fish and Wildlife Disease			3
   		FW	423L	Principles of Fish and Wildlife Disease Laboratory			1
   		FW	463	Wildlife Disease Ecology			3
   		PHY	251	Introductory Physics Laboratory I			1
   		PHY	232	Introductory Physics II			3
   		PHY	252	Introductory Physics Laboratory II			1
   	(2)	One of the following courses (3 or 4 credits):
   		ANS	314	Genetic Improvement of Domestic Animals			4
   		ANS	409	Problems, Controversies and Advancement in Reproduction			3
   		ANS	435	Mammary Physiology			4
   		ANS	445	Equine Exercise Physiology			4
   		ANS	455	Avian Physiology			4
   		BLD	434	Clinical Immunology			3
   		IBIO	341	Fundamental Genetics			4
   		IBIO	408	Histology			4
   		IBIO	425	Cells and Development (W)			4
   		IBIO	450	Cancer Biology (W)			3
   		MMG	301	Introductory Microbiology			3
   		MMG	409	Eukaryotic Cell Biology			3
   		MMG	451	Immunology			3
   		NEU	300	Neurobiology			3
   		PSL	310	Physiology for Pre-Health Professionals			4

The Bachelor of Science in Applied Conservation Biology focuses on the science of analyzing and conserving the earth’s biological diversity drawing from the biological, physical and social sciences, economics, and the practice of natural resource conservation and management.

Admission as a Junior

To be considered for admission to the major, the student must:
 

1. The University requirements for bachelor's degrees as described in the Undergraduate Education section of this catalog; 120 credits, including general elective credits, are required for the Bachelor of Science degree in Applied Conservation Biology.
   
   The University’s Tier II writing requirement for the Applied Conservation Biology major is met by completing Fisheries and Wildlife 497 referenced in item 3. below.
   
   Students who are enrolled in the Applied Conservation Biology major leading to the Bachelor of Science degree in the Department of Fisheries and Wildlife may complete an alternative track to Integrative Studies in Biological and Physical Sciences by completing BS 161, BS 162 and CEM 141 below. The completion of BS 171 or BS 172 and CEM 161 satisfies the laboratory requirement. Completion of items 3. a., 3. b., and 3. c. below will be counted toward both the alternative track and the requirements for the major.
   
   The completion of the College of Agriculture and Natural Resources mathematics requirement may also satisfy the University mathematics requirement.
2. The requirements of the College of Agriculture and Natural Resources for the Bachelor of Science degree.
   
   Certain courses referenced in requirement 3. below may be counted toward College requirements as appropriate.  The completion of item 3. d. and 3. e. below satisfies the College's mathematics requirement.
   
   Students must earn a 2.0 or higher in all FW courses taken to complete major requirements in item 3. below.
   
   Only credits in courses graded on the numerical or Pass-No Grade system may be counted toward the requirements for the major. Students may not enroll in courses required for the major, including courses in other department, on a Credit-No Credit basis. Only elective courses can be enrolled on a Credit-No Credit basis.
3. The following requirements for the major:

   a.	All of the following courses (25 credits):
   	FW	101	Fundamentals of Fisheries and Wildlife Ecology and Management						3
   	FW	101L	Fundamentals of Fisheries and Wildlife Ecology and Management Lab						2
   	FW	102	Fundamentals of Fisheries and Wildlife – New Student Seminar						1
   	FW	293	Undergraduate Seminar in Fisheries and Wildlife						1
   	FW	334	Human Dimensions of Fisheries and Wildlife Management						3
   	FW	364	Ecological Problem Solving						3
   	FW	444	Conservation Biology						3
   	FW	445	Biodiversity Conservation Policy and Practice						3
   	FW	497	Capstone in Fisheries and Wildlife: Conservation and Management Decision Making (W)						3
   	IBIO	355	Ecology						3
   b.	One of the following groups of courses (6 or 9 credits):
   	(a)	BS	161	Cell and Molecular Biology					3
   		BS	162	Organismal and Population Biology					3
   	(b)	LB	144	Biology I: Organismal Biology					4
   		LB	145	Biology II: Cellular and Molecular Biology					5
   c.	One of the following courses (2 credits):
   	BS	171	Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory						2
   	BS	172	Organismal and Population Biology Laboratory						2
   	This requirement is waived if students complete LB 144 or LB 145 in item b.								4
   d.	One course from each group (5 credits):
   	(a)	CEM	141	General Chemistry					4
   		LB	171	Principles of Chemistry					4
   	(b)	CEM	161	Chemistry Laboratory					1
   		LB	171L	Principles of Chemistry Laboratory I					1
   e.	One of the following courses (3 or 4 credits):
   	MTH	124	Survey of Calculus I						3
   	MTH	132	Calculus I						3
   	LB	118	Calculus I						4
   f.	One of the following courses (3 or 4 credits):
   	STT	201	Statistical Methods						4
   	STT	224	Introduction to Probability and Statistics for Ecologists						3
   	STT	231	Statistics for Scientists						3
   	STT	421	Statistics I						3
   	STT	464	Statistics for Biologists						3
   g.	One of the following courses (3 or 4 credits):
   	CSUS	310	History of Environmental Thought and Sustainability						3
   	FW	439	Conservation Ethics						3
   	HST	391	Environmental History of North America						3
   	PHL	340	Ethics						3
   	PHL	342	Environmental Ethics						3
   	PHL	380	Nature of Science						3
   	PHL	442	Ethics and Animals						3
   	PHL	480	Philosophy of Science						4
   h.	Two of the following courses (6 or 7 credits):
   	COM	100	Human Communication						3
   	COM	225	An Introduction to Interpersonal Communication						3
   	COM	240	Introduction to Organizational Communication						4
   	COM	275	Effects of Mass Communication						3
   	CSUS	433	Grant Writing and Fund Development						3
   	JRN	472	Environmental, Science and Health Reporting						3
   	WRA	331	Writing in the Public Interest (W)						3
   	WRA	333	Writing in Corporate Contexts						3
   	WRA	335	Writing in Scientific Contexts						3
   	WRA	337	Writing and Public Policy						3
   	WRA	453	Grant and Proposal Writing						3
   i.	One of the following courses (3 credits):
   	FW	424	Wildlife Population Analysis and Management						3
   	FW	479	Fisheries Population Analysis and Management						3
   j.	One of the following courses (3 or 4 credits):
   	FOR	419	Applications of Geographic Information Systems to Natural Resources Management						4
   	FW	413	Wildlife Research and Management Techniques						3
   	FW	474	Field and Laboratory Techniques for Aquatic Studies						3
   	GEO	221	Introduction to Geographic Information						3
   	And
   	GEO	221L	Introduction to Geographic Information Laboratory						1
   k.	One of the following courses (3 or 4 credits):
   	CSS	350	Introduction to Plant Genetics						3
   	IBIO	341	Fundamental Genetics						4
   l.	One of the following courses (3 or 4 credits):
   	IBIO	445	Evolution (W)						3
   	GLG	304	Physical and Biological History of the Earth						4
   	GLG	434	Evolutionary Paleobiology						4
   m.	One of the following courses (3 or 4 credits):
   	FOR	340	Forest Ecology						3
   	FW	420	Stream Ecology						3
   	FW	472	Limnology						3
   	IBIO	353	Marine Biology (W)						4
   	IBIO	485	Tropical Biology						3
   	PLB	441	Plant Ecology						3
   n.	One of the following courses (3 credits):
   	CSUS	464	Environmental and Natural Resource Policy in Michigan						3
   	CSUS	465	Environmental and Natural Law						3
   	FOR	466	Natural Resource Policy						3
   	FW	481	Global Issues in Fisheries and Wildlife						3
   	IBIO	446	Environmental Issues in Public Policy						3
   	MC	450	International Environmental Law and Policy						3
   o.	One of the following courses (3 credits):
   	FOR	413	Wildland Fire Ecology and Management						3
   	FW	410	Upland Ecology and Management						3
   	FW	416	Marine Ecology and Management						3
   	FW	417	Wetland Ecology ad Management						3
   	FW	423	Principles of Fish and Wildlife Disease						3
   	FW	463	Wildlife Disease Ecology						3
   	PLB	443	Restoration Ecology						3
   p.	One of the following courses (3 credits):
   	ANP	443	Human Adaptability						3
   	ANP	486	Environmental Archaeology						3
   	FOR	360	Forest Ecosystems, Carbon and Climate Change						3
   	GEO	409	Global Climate Change and Variability						3
   	IBIO	357	Global Change Biology (W)						3
   	SOC	478	Climate Change and Society						3
   q.	Two of the following courses (6 to 8 credits):
   	ENT	404	Fundamentals of Entomology						4
   	ENT	422	Aquatic Entomology						3
   	FOR	204	Forest Vegetation						3
   	FW	471	Ichthyology						4
   	IBIO	306	Invertebrate Biology						4
   	IBIO	360	Biology of Birds						4
   	IBIO	365	Biology of Mammals						4
   	IBIO	384	Biology of Amphibians and Reptiles (W)						4
   	PLB	218	Plants of Michigan						3
   	PLB	418	Plant Systematics						3
   r.	Complete a minimum of 3 credits from the following courses (3 or 4 credits):
   	FW	480	International Studies in Fisheries and Wildlife						1 to 3
   	FW	490	Independent Study in Fisheries and Wildlife						1 to 3
   	FW	493	Professional Internship in Fisheries and Wildlife						1 to 3
   	FW	499	Senior Thesis in Fisheries and Wildlife						4

The Bachelor of Science in Aquatic Ecology and Management is designed for students interested in examining the biological, physical, chemical, geological and hydrological aspects of lakes and ponds, rivers and streams, wetlands and groundwaters, with an emphasis on water quality. This major provides students with the understanding and skills needed for careers related to protecting and restoring water resources around the North American Great Lakes region and the world.

Admission as a Junior

To be considered for admission to the major, the student must:

1. The University requirements for bachelor's degrees as described in the Undergraduate Education section of this catalog; 120 credits, including general elective credits, are required for the Bachelor of Science degree in Aquatic Ecology and Management.
   
   The University’s Tier II writing requirement for the Aquatic Ecology and Management major is met by completing Fisheries and Wildlife 497 referenced in item 3. below.
   
   Students who are enrolled in the Aquatic Ecology and Management major leading to the Bachelor of Science degree in the Department of Fisheries and Wildlife may complete an alternative track to Integrative Studies in Biological and Physical Sciences by completing BS 161, BS 162 and CEM 141 below. The completion of BS 171 or BS 172 and CEM 161 satisfies the laboratory requirement. Completion of items 3. a., 3. b., and 3. c. below will be counted toward both the alternative track and the requirements for the major.
   
   The completion of the College of Agriculture and Natural Resources mathematics requirement may also satisfy the University mathematics requirement.
2. The requirements of the College of Agriculture and Natural Resources for the Bachelor of Science degree.
   
   Certain courses referenced in requirement 3. below may be counted toward College requirements as appropriate.  The completion of item 3. d. and 3. e. below satisfies the College's mathematics requirement.
   
   Students must earn a 2.0 or higher in all FW courses taken to complete major requirements in item 3. below.
   
   Only credits in courses graded on the numerical or Pass-No Grade system may be counted toward the requirements for the major. Students may not enroll in courses required for the major, including courses in other department, on a Credit-No Credit basis. Only elective courses can be enrolled on a Credit-No Credit basis.
3. The following requirements for the major:

   a.	All of the following courses (22 credits):
   	FW	101	Fundamentals of Fisheries and Wildlife Ecology and Management						3
   	FW	101L	Fundamentals of Fisheries and Wildlife Ecology and Management Lab						2
   	FW	102	Fundamentals of Fisheries and Wildlife – New Student Seminar						1
   	FW	293	Undergraduate Seminar in Fisheries and Wildlife						1
   	FW	334	Human Dimensions of Fisheries and Wildlife Management						3
   	FW	364	Ecological Problem Solving						3
   	FW	497	Capstone in Fisheries and Wildlife: Conservation and Management Decision Making (W)						3
   	IBIO	355	Ecology						3
   	MMG	201	Fundamentals of Microbiology						3
   b.	One of the following groups of courses (6 or 9 credits):
   	(a)	BS	161	Cell and Molecular Biology					3
   		BS	162	Organismal and Population Biology					3
   	(b)	LB	144	Biology I: Organismal Biology					4
   		LB	145	Biology II: Cellular and Molecular Biology					5
   c.	One course from each group (5 credits):
   	(a)	CEM	141	General Chemistry					4
   		LB	171	Principles of Chemistry					4
   	(b)	CEM	161	Chemistry Laboratory					1
   		LB	171L	Principles of Chemistry Laboratory I					1
   d.	One of the following courses (2 credits):
   	BS	171	Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory						2
   	BS	172	Organismal and Population Biology Laboratory						2
   	This requirement is waived if students complete LB 144 or LB 145 in item b.
   e.	One of the following courses (3 or 4 credits):
   	LB	273	Physics I						4
   	PHY	221	Studio Physics for Life Scientists I						4
   	PHY	231	Introductory Physics I						3
   f.	One of the following courses (3 or 4 credits):
   	MTH	124	Survey of Calculus I						3
   	MTH	132	Calculus I						3
   	LB	118	Calculus I						4
   g.	One of the following courses (3 or 4 credits):
   	STT	201	Statistical Methods						4
   	STT	224	Introduction to Probability and Statistics for Ecologists						3
   	STT	231	Statistics for Scientists						3
   	STT	421	Statistics I						3
   	STT	464	Statistics for Biologists						3
   h.	One of the following courses (3 or 4 credits):
   	CSUS	310	History of Environmental Thought and Sustainability						3
   	FW	439	Conservation Ethics						3
   	HST	391	Environmental History of North America						3
   	PHL	340	Ethics						3
   	PHL	342	Environmental Ethics						3
   	PHL	380	Nature of Science						3
   	PHL	442	Ethics and Animals						3
   	PHL	480	Philosophy of Science						4
   i.	Two of the following courses (6 or 7 credits):
   	COM	100	Human Communication						3
   	COM	225	An Introduction to Interpersonal Communication						3
   	COM	240	Introduction to Organizational Communication						4
   	COM	275	Effects of Mass Communication						3
   	CSUS	433	Grant Writing and Fund Development						3
   	JRN	472	Environmental, Science and Health Reporting						3
   	WRA	331	Writing in the Public Interest (W)						3
   	WRA	333	Writing in Corporate Contexts						3
   	WRA	335	Writing in Scientific Contexts						3
   	WRA	337	Writing and Public Policy						3
   	WRA	453	Grant and Proposal Writing						3
   j.	Two of the following courses (6 credits):
   	CSUS	354	Water Resources Management						3
   	FW	207	Great Lakes: Biology and Management						3
   	FW	416	Marine Ecology and Management						3
   	FW	417	Wetland Ecology and Management						3
   k.	Two of the following courses (6 or 7 credits):
   	FW	420	Stream Ecology						3
   	FW	472	Limnology						3
   	GLG	303	Oceanography						3
   	IBIO	353	Marine Biology (W)						4
   	MMG	425	Microbial Ecology						3
   l.	One of the following courses (3 or 4 credits):
   	EPI	390	Disease in Society: Introduction to Epidemiology and Public Health						4
   	FW	423	Principles of Fish and Wildlife Disease						3
   	FW	431	Ecophysiology and Toxicology of Fishes						3
   	FW	463	Wildlife Disease Ecology						3
   m.	One of the following courses (3 or 4 credits):
   	CSS	455	Environmental Pollutants in Soil and Water						3
   	GEO	411	Stream Systems and Landforms						3
   	GLG	411	Hydrogeology						3
   	GLG	421	Environmental Geochemistry						4
   n.	One of the following courses (3 or 4 credits):
   	FOR	419	Applications of Geographic Information Systems to Natural Resources Management						4
   	FW	474	Field and Laboratory Techniques for Aquatic Studies						3
   	FW	479	Fish Population Analysis and Management						3
   	GEO	221	Introduction to Geographic Information						3
   	and
   	GEO	221L	Introduction to Geographic Information Laboratory						1
   	GLG	446	Ecosystems Modeling, Water and Food Security						3
   o.	One of the following courses (3 credits):
   	CSUS	464	Environmental and Natural Resource Policy in Michigan						3
   	CSUS	465	Environmental and Natural Law						3
   	FOR	466	Natural Resource Policy						3
   	FW	445	Biodiversity Conservation Policy and Practice						3
   	FW	481	Global Issues in Fisheries and Wildlife						3
   	IBIO	446	Environmental Issues in Public Policy						3
   	MC	450	International Environmental Law and Policy						3
   p.	One of the following courses (3 credits):
   	ANP	443	Human Adaptability						3
   	ANP	486	Environmental Archaeology						3
   	FOR	360	Forest Ecosystems, Carbon and Climate Change						3
   	GEO	409	Global Climate Change and Variability						3
   	IBIO	357	Global Change Biology (W)						3
   	SOC	478	Climate Change and Society						3
   q.	Complete a minimum of 3 credits from the following courses (3 or 4 credits):
   	FW	480	International Studies in Fisheries and Wildlife						1 to 3
   	FW	490	Independent Study in Fisheries and Wildlife						1 to 3
   	FW	493	Professional Internship in Fisheries and Wildlife						1 to 3
   	FW	499	Senior Thesis in Fisheries and Wildlife						4

The Bachelor of Science in Fish Ecology and Management is designed for students interested in the research and management of fish populations, other freshwater and marine organisms, and the ecosystems that sustain them.?

Admission as a Junior

To be considered for admission to the major, the student must:

1. The University requirements for bachelor's degrees as described in the Undergraduate Education section of this catalog; 120 credits, including general elective credits, are required for the Bachelor of Science degree in Fish Ecology and Management.
   
   The University’s Tier II writing requirement for the Fish Ecology and Management major is met by completing Fisheries and Wildlife 497 referenced in item 3. below.
   
   Students who are enrolled in the Fish Ecology and Management major leading to the Bachelor of Science degree in the Department of Fisheries and Wildlife may complete an alternative track to Integrative Studies in Biological and Physical Sciences by completing BS 161, BS 162 and CEM 141 below. The completion of BS 171 or BS 172 and CEM 161 satisfies the laboratory requirement. Completion of items 3. a., 3. b., and 3. c. below will be counted toward both the alternative track and the requirements for the major.
   
   The completion of the College of Agriculture and Natural Resources mathematics requirement may also satisfy the University mathematics requirement.
2. The requirements of the College of Agriculture and Natural Resources for the Bachelor of Science degree.
   
   Certain courses referenced in requirement 3. below may be counted toward College requirements as appropriate.  The completion of item 3. d. and 3. e. below satisfies the College's mathematics requirement.
   
   Students must earn a 2.0 or higher in all FW courses taken to complete major requirements in item 3. below.
   
   Only credits in courses graded on the numerical or Pass-No Grade system may be counted toward the requirements for the major. Students may not enroll in courses required for the major, including courses in other department, on a Credit-No Credit basis. Only elective courses can be enrolled on a Credit-No Credit basis.
3. The following requirements for the major:

   a.	All of the following courses (29 credits):
   	FW	101	Fundamentals of Fisheries and Wildlife Ecology and Management						3
   	FW	101L	Fundamentals of Fisheries and Wildlife Ecology and Management Lab						2
   	FW	102	Fundamentals of Fisheries and Wildlife – New Student Seminar						1
   	FW	293	Undergraduate Seminar in Fisheries and Wildlife						1
   	FW	334	Human Dimensions of Fisheries and Wildlife Management						3
   	FW	364	Ecological Problem Solving						3
   	FW	471	Ichthyology						3
   	FW	474	Field and Laboratory Techniques for Aquatic Studies						3
   	FW	479	Fish Population Analysis and Management						3
   	FW	497	Capstone in Fisheries and Wildlife: Conservation and Management Decision Making (W)						3
   	IBIO	355	Ecology						3
   b.	One of the following groups of courses (6 or 9 credits):
   	(a)	BS	161	Cell and Molecular Biology					3
   		BS	162	Organismal and Population Biology					3
   	(b)	LB	144	Biology I: Organismal Biology					4
   		LB	145	Biology II: Cellular and Molecular Biology					5
   c.	One of the following courses (2 credits):
   	BS	171	Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory						2
   	BS	172	Organismal and Population Biology Laboratory						2
   	This requirement is waived if students complete LB 144 or LB 145 in item b.								4
   d.	One course from each group (5 credits):
   	(a)	CEM	141	General Chemistry					4
   		LB	171	Principles of Chemistry					4
   	(b)	CEM	161	Chemistry Laboratory					1
   		LB	171L	Principles of Chemistry Laboratory I					1
   e.	At least 7 credits from the following courses:
   	CEM	142	General and Inorganic Chemistry						3
   	CEM	162	Chemistry Laboratory II						1
   	CEM	143	Survey of Organic Chemistry						4
   	CEM	251	Organic Chemistry I						3
   	CSS	210	Fundamentals of Soil Science						3
   	FOR	419	Applications of Geographic Information Systems to Natural Resources Management						4
   	GEO	203	Introduction to Meteorology						3
   	GEO	206	Physical Geography						3
   	GEO	208	Physical Geography of the National Parks						2
   	GEO	221	Introduction to Geographic Information						3
   	GEO	221L	Introduction to Geographic Information Laboratory						1
   	GEO	333	Geography of Michigan and the Great Lakes Region						3
   	GEO	411	Stream Systems and Landforms						3
   	GLG	201	The Dynamic Earth						4
   	GLG	411	Hydrogeology						3
   	LB	172	Principles of Chemistry II						3
   	LB	172L	Principles of Chemistry II – Reactivity Laboratory I						1
   	LB	271	Organic Chemistry						3
   	LB	273	Physics I						4
   	PHY	221	Studio Physics for Life Scientists I						4
   	PHY	231	Introductory Physics I						3
   	PHY	251	Introductory Physics Laboratory I						1
   	Students who select FOR 419 to fulfill this requirement may not also use GEO 221 and 221L.
   f.	One of the following courses (3 or 4 credits):
   	MTH	124	Survey of Calculus I						3
   	MTH	132	Calculus I						3
   	LB	118	Calculus I						4
   g.	One of the following courses (3 or 4 credits):
   	STT	201	Statistical Methods						4
   	STT	224	Introduction to Probability and Statistics for Ecologists						3
   	STT	231	Statistics for Scientists						3
   	STT	421	Statistics I						3
   	STT	464	Statistics for Biologists						3
   h.	One of the following courses (3 or 4 credits):
   	CSUS	310	History of Environmental Thought and Sustainability						3
   	FW	439	Conservation Ethics						3
   	HST	391	Environmental History of North America						3
   	PHL	340	Ethics						3
   	PHL	342	Environmental Ethics						3
   	PHL	380	Nature of Science						3
   	PHL	442	Ethics and Animals						3
   	PHL	480	Philosophy of Science						4
   i.	Two of the following courses (6 or 7 credits):
   	COM	100	Human Communication						3
   	COM	225	An Introduction to Interpersonal Communication						3
   	COM	240	Introduction to Organizational Communication						4
   	COM	275	Effects of Mass Communication						3
   	CSUS	433	Grant Writing and Fund Development						3
   	JRN	472	Environmental, Science and Health Reporting						3
   	WRA	331	Writing in the Public Interest (W)						3
   	WRA	333	Writing in Corporate Contexts						3
   	WRA	335	Writing in Scientific Contexts						3
   	WRA	337	Writing and Public Policy						3
   	WRA	453	Grant and Proposal Writing						3
   j.	One of the following courses (3 credits):
   	CSUS	464	Environmental and Natural Resource Policy in Michigan						3
   	CSUS	465	Environmental and Natural Law						3
   	FOR	466	Natural Resource Policy						3
   	FW	445	Biodiversity Conservation Policy and Practice						3
   	FW	481	Global Issues in Fisheries and Wildlife						3
   	IBIO	446	Environmental Issues in Public Policy						3
   	MC	450	International Environmental Law and Policy						3
   k.	Two of the following courses (6 credits):
   	CSUS	354	Water Resources Management						3
   	FW	416	Marine Ecology and Management						3
   	FW	417	Wetland Ecology and Management						3
   	FW	420	Stream Ecology						3
   	FW	472	Limnology						3
   	GLG	303	Oceanography						3
   l.	One of the following courses (3 or 4 credits):
   	PLB	218	Plants of Michigan						3
   	PLB	418	Plant Systematics						3
   	ENT	404	Fundamentals of Entomology						4
   	ENT	422	Aquatic Entomology						3
   	IBIO	306	Invertebrate Biology						4
   m.	One of the following courses (3 or 4 credits):
   	FW	423	Principles of Fish and Wildlife Disease						3
   	FW	431	Ecophysiology and Toxicology of Fishes						3
   	FW	463	Wildlife Disease Ecology						3
   	IBIO	313	Animal Behavior						3
   	IBIO	328	Comparative Anatomy and Biology of Vertebrates						4
   	IBIO	341	Fundamental Genetics						4
   	IBIO	483	Environmental Physiology						3
   n.	One of the following courses (3 credits):
   	ANP	443	Human Adaptability						3
   	ANP	486	Environmental Archaeology						3
   	FOR	360	Forest Ecosystems, Carbon and Climate Change						3
   	GEO	409	Global Climate Change and Variability						3
   	IBIO	357	Global Change Biology (W)						3
   	SOC	478	Climate Change and Society						3
   o.	Complete a minimum of 3 credits from the following courses (3 or 4 credits):
   	FW	480	International Studies in Fisheries and Wildlife						1 to 3
   	FW	490	Independent Study in Fisheries and Wildlife						1 to 3
   	FW	493	Professional Internship in Fisheries and Wildlife						1 to 3
   	FW	499	Senior Thesis in Fisheries and Wildlife						4

The Bachelor of Science in Wildlife Ecology and Management is for students interested in understanding and managing terrestrial habitats and animals including game, non-game, and endangered species.?

Admission as a Junior

To be considered for admission to the major, the student must:

1. The University requirements for bachelor's degrees as described in the Undergraduate Education section of this catalog; 120 credits, including general elective credits, are required for the Bachelor of Science degree in Wildlife Ecology and Management.
   
   The University’s Tier II writing requirement for the Wildlife Ecology and Management major is met by completing Fisheries and Wildlife 497 referenced in item 3. below.
   
   Students who are enrolled in the Wildlife Ecology and Management major leading to the Bachelor of Science degree in the Department of Fisheries and Wildlife may complete an alternative track to Integrative Studies in Biological and Physical Sciences by completing BS 161, BS 162 and CEM 141 below. The completion of BS 171 or BS 172 and CEM 161 satisfies the laboratory requirement. Completion of items 3. a., 3. b., and 3. c. below will be counted toward both the alternative track and the requirements for the major.
   
   The completion of the College of Agriculture and Natural Resources mathematics requirement may also satisfy the University mathematics requirement.
2. The requirements of the College of Agriculture and Natural Resources for the Bachelor of Science degree.
   
   Certain courses referenced in requirement 3. below may be counted toward College requirements as appropriate.  The completion of item 3. d. and 3. e. below satisfies the College's mathematics requirement.
   
   Students must earn a 2.0 or higher in all FW courses taken to complete major requirements in item 3. below.
   
   Only credits in courses graded on the numerical or Pass-No Grade system may be counted toward the requirements for the major. Students may not enroll in courses required for the major, including courses in other department, on a Credit-No Credit basis. Only elective courses can be enrolled on a Credit-No Credit basis.
3. The following requirements for the major:

   a.	All of the following courses (34 credits):
   	CSS	210	Fundamentals of Soil Science						3
   	FW	101	Fundamentals of Fisheries and Wildlife Ecology and Management						3
   	FW	101L	Fundamentals of Fisheries and Wildlife Ecology and Management Lab						2
   	FW	102	Fundamentals of Fisheries and Wildlife – New Student Seminar						1
   	FW	293	Undergraduate Seminar in Fisheries and Wildlife						1
   	FW	334	Human Dimensions of Fisheries and Wildlife Management						3
   	FW	364	Ecological Problem Solving						3
   	FW	410	Upland Ecology and Management						3
   	FW	413	Wildlife Research and Management Techniques						3
   	FW	417	Wetland Ecology and Management						3
   	FW	424	Wildlife Population Analysis and Management						3
   	FW	497	Capstone in Fisheries and Wildlife: Conservation and Management Decision Making (W)						3
   	IBIO	355	Ecology						3
   b.	One of the following groups of courses (6 or 9 credits):
   	(a)	BS	161	Cell and Molecular Biology					3
   		BS	162	Organismal and Population Biology					3
   	(b)	LB	144	Biology I: Organismal Biology					4
   		LB	145	Biology II: Cellular and Molecular Biology					5
   c.	One of the following courses (2 credits):
   	BS	171	Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory						2
   	BS	172	Organismal and Population Biology Laboratory						2
   	This requirement is waived if students complete LB 144 or LB 145 in item b.
   d.	One course from each group (5 credits):
   	(a)	CEM	141	General Chemistry					4
   		LB	171	Principles of Chemistry					4
   	(b)	CEM	161	Chemistry Laboratory					1
   		LB	171L	Principles of Chemistry Laboratory I					1
   e.	One of the following courses (3 or 4 credits):
   	MTH	124	Survey of Calculus I						3
   	MTH	132	Calculus I						3
   	LB	118	Calculus I						4
   f.	One of the following courses (3 or 4 credits):
   	STT	201	Statistical Methods						4
   	STT	224	Introduction to Probability and Statistics for Ecologists						3
   	STT	231	Statistics for Scientists						3
   	STT	421	Statistics I						3
   	STT	464	Statistics for Biologists						3
   g.	One of the following courses (3 or 4 credits):
   	CSUS	310	History of Environmental Thought and Sustainability						3
   	FW	439	Conservation Ethics						3
   	HST	391	Environmental History of North America						3
   	PHL	340	Ethics						3
   	PHL	342	Environmental Ethics						3
   	PHL	380	Nature of Science						3
   	PHL	442	Ethics and Animals						3
   	PHL	480	Philosophy of Science						4
   h.	Two of the following courses (6 or 7 credits):
   	COM	100	Human Communication						3
   	COM	225	An Introduction to Interpersonal Communication						3
   	COM	240	Introduction to Organizational Communication						4
   	COM	275	Effects of Mass Communication						3
   	CSUS	433	Grant Writing and Fund Development						3
   	JRN	472	Environmental, Science and Health Reporting						3
   	WRA	331	Writing in the Public Interest (W)						3
   	WRA	333	Writing in Corporate Contexts						3
   	WRA	335	Writing in Scientific Contexts						3
   	WRA	337	Writing and Public Policy						3
   	WRA	453	Grant and Proposal Writing						3
   i.	One of the following courses (3 credits):
   	CSUS	464	Environmental and Natural Resource Policy in Michigan						3
   	CSUS	465	Environmental and Natural Law						3
   	FOR	466	Natural Resource Policy						3
   	FW	445	Biodiversity Conservation Policy and Practice						3
   	FW	481	Global Issues in Fisheries and Wildlife						3
   	IBIO	446	Environmental Issues in Public Policy						3
   	MC	450	International Environmental Law and Policy						3
   j.	Two of the following courses (8 credits):
   	FW	471	Ichthyology						4
   	IBIO	360	Biology of Birds						4
   	IBIO	365	Biology of Mammals						4
   	IBIO	384	Biology of Amphibians and Reptiles						4
   k.	One of the following courses (3 or 4 credits):
   	FOR	204	Forest Vegetation						3
   	PLB	218	Plants of Michigan						3
   	PLB	418	Plant Systematics						3
   l.	One of the following courses (3 or 4 credits):
   	CSS	350	Introduction to Plant Genetics						3
   	FOR	340	Forest Ecology						3
   	GEO	201	Introduction to Plant Geography						3
   	IBIO	485	Tropical Biology						3
   	PLB	105	Plant Biology						3
   	PLB	301	Introductory Plant Physiology						3
   	PLB	402	Biology of Fungi						4
   	PLB	441	Plant Ecology						3
   	PLB	443	Restoration Ecology						3
   m.	One of the following courses (3 or 4 credits):
   	CSS	411	Fire and Environmental Quality						3
   	FOR	413	Wildland Fire Ecology and Management						3
   	FOR	419	Applications of Geographic Information Systems to Natural Resources Management						4
   	FW	423	Principles of Fish and Wildlife Disease						3
   	FW	463	Wildlife Disease Ecology						3
   	GEO	221	Introduction to Geographic Information						3
   	and
   	GEO	221L	Introduction to Geographic Information Laboratory						1
   	IBIO	313	Animal Behavior						3
   	IBIO	328	Comparative Anatomy and Biology of Vertebrates						4
   	IBIO	341	Fundamental Genetics						4
   	IBIO	483	Environmental Physiology						3
   	SOC	452	Advanced Seminar in Environmental Sociology						3
   n.	One of the following courses (3 credits):
   	ANP	443	Human Adaptability						3
   	ANP	486	Environmental Archaeology						3
   	FOR	360	Forest Ecosystems, Carbon and Climate Change						3
   	GEO	409	Global Climate Change and Variability						3
   	IBIO	357	Global Change Biology (W)						3
   	SOC	478	Climate Change and Society						3
   o.	Complete a minimum of 3 credits from the following courses (3 or 4 credits):
   	FW	480	International Studies in Fisheries and Wildlife						1 to 3
   	FW	490	Independent Study in Fisheries and Wildlife						1 to 3
   	FW	493	Professional Internship in Fisheries and Wildlife						1 to 3
   	FW	499	Senior Thesis in Fisheries and Wildlife						4

The Minor in Conservation, Recreation and Environmental Enforcement is designed to combine the natural resource expertise of the fisheries and wildlife, forestry, parks, recreation and tourism, and environmental sustainability programs, with the law enforcement expertise of the criminal justice program to serve those students with career interests in conservation, recreation or environmental law enforcement. The minor is available as an elective to students who are enrolled in bachelor’s degree programs in criminal justice, fisheries and wildlife, forestry, parks, recreation and tourism and environmental studies and sustainability. The minor is administered by the Department of Fisheries and Wildlife.

Students who are interested in enrolling should apply to the Department of Fisheries and Wildlife for acceptance.

With the approval of the department and college that administer the student’s degree program, courses that are used to satisfy the requirements for the minor may also be used to satisfy the requirements for the bachelor’s degree.

Requirements for the Minor in Conservation, Recreation and Environmental Enforcement

The student must complete (19 to 20 credits):

The Minor in Marine Biology and Ecosystem Management is designed to provide students with a fundamental background in marine ecosystems and their management. Students gain insight and experience in marine management issues relative to estuarine, coastal, and open-water marine ecosystems from the perspective of habitat, biota and human resource users. Students are also exposed to the management skills necessary to recognize and use effective techniques to conserve, preserve and restore marine ecosystem integrity for the benefit of society. This unique management emphasis serves the career interests of students well as they pursue positions in the marine sciences.

The Minor in Marine Biology and Ecosystem Management is primarily available as an elective to students who are enrolled in the Department of Fisheries and Wildlife; as well as students in the Departments of Integrative Biology, Community Sustainability, and Lyman Briggs College. The minor is administered by the Department of Fisheries and Wildlife.  With the approval of the department and college that administer the student’s degree program, the courses that are used to satisfy the minor may also be used to satisfy the requirements for the bachelor’s degree. At least 6 credits counted towards the requirements for this minor must be unique. Unique credits must not be used to fulfill another university, college, or major requirement in the student’s program.

There are prerequisites for some of these requirements not currently listed.

Students who plan to complete the requirements for the marine biology and ecosystem management minor should contact the undergraduate advisor in the Department of Fisheries and Wildlife.

Requirements for the Minor in Marine Biology and Ecosystem Management

The student must complete 15 credits from the following:

Programs of study are based on the academic preparation, interests, and career goals of individual students.  Although individual students' programs vary, all Master of Science programs in fisheries and wildlife are designed to provide preparation in one of the areas of specialization within the field of fisheries and wildlife, broad preparation in related areas, and a foundation for fisheries and wildlife related careers in administration, research, and management.

Master of Science

In addition to meeting the requirements of the university and of College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, the student must meet the requirements specified below.

Admission

Admission to a master's program requires prior completion of an undergraduate major in a biological or other appropriate science with course work appropriate to support the graduate program. Students lacking sufficient courses may be admitted provisionally until such deficiencies are removed by completing collateral courses. Scores on the Graduate Record Examination General Test are required.

Requirements for the Master of Science Degree in Fisheries and Wildlife

The student may elect either Plan A (with thesis) or Plan B (without thesis). A total of 30 credits is required for the degree under either Plan A or Plan B. The student and the major professor plan a program of study that includes FW 894 and courses related to one or more areas of specialization within the field of fisheries and wildlife. Students are required to plan and execute a departmentally approved outreach experience, or in lieu of this, include FW 895 in their approved program. The program must be approved by the student's guidance committee which includes at least two members in addition to the major professor, at least one of which is from the Department of Fisheries and Wildlife.

In addition to meeting the requirements of the university and of College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, the student must meet the requirements specified below.

Admission

Applicants for a doctoral program should have completed a Bachelor of Science degree in a biological or other appropriate science. For some areas of specialization, additional background in mathematics, chemistry, botany, zoology or a related Master of Science degree is desirable. Scores on the Graduate Record Examination General Test are required.

Requirements for the Doctor of Philosophy Degree in Fisheries and Wildlife

The student and the major professor plan a program of study that includes FW 894 and courses related to one or more areas of specialization within the field of fisheries and wildlife. Students are required to plan and execute a departmentally approved outreach experience, or in lieu of, include FW 895 in their approved program. The program must be approved by the student's guidance committee, which includes at least three members in addition to the major professor, at least one of whom is from a department other than Fisheries and Wildlife and at least one of whom is from the Department of Fisheries and Wildlife.

The Graduate Certificate in Conservation Law provides students an opportunity to explore conservation law by gaining familiarity with the language, theory and practices of the law discipline to better integrate their core education with their respective environmental or conservation-related disciplinary field.

The graduate certificate is available as an elective to students who are enrolled in master’s or doctoral degree programs at Michigan State University.

Requirements for the Graduate Certificate in Conservation Law